France was entirely wooded before the Neolithic Period, when deciduous forests, principally beeches and oaks, covered the country except for temperate mountain forests composed of firs and piceas, and Mediterranean forests of pines and oaks in the southeast. Because of centuries of intensive agricultural and pastoral activity, the forests have been largely destroyed. Extensive forests now exist only in the mountains, on soils that are unsuitable for agriculture, and in protected forest preserves.

The original fauna, comprised mostly of deer, roebucks, and wild boars, has been virtually eliminated. Since the end of the 19th century, however, programs to protect the natural environment have been implemented, particularly in the national and regional parks. Conifers have been planted in reforestation programs in all parts of the country, and forests now cover 25% of France's land area.

Flora & Fauna Links

L'Association des Parcs et Jardins de France Founded in 1983 by its current president, Bernard de Rochefoucauld, the Association of Parks and Gardens of France declares its mission: to open a greater number of parks, arboretums and private French gardens to the public.

EdenPlanet.com Le Figaro sponsors the French version of this horticultural site. By clicking on the link to "Fêtes des Plantes", one can view a listing of all the arboricultural festivals, floral celebrations and other related special events throughout France.

Find a Garden This massive database offers a handy search form, allowing one to locate gardens and parks throughout France (and several other countries). Search by name, style of garden, historical period when it was created, department or region. Results provide complete descriptions, location, visiting hours, photos, and more. (in French only)

National Bureau of Forests The ONF (Office National des Forêts) offers nature lovers a wonderful resource on exploring the public forests of France, with ample information on the flora and fauna of each.

Reboisons la France In the wake of devastating storms which enveloped France on December 26, 1999 — uprooting more than 60 million trees nationwide — there is an ambitious campaign to replant for the benefit of future generations. Donation form allows one to contribute financially to the cause.

National Parks

Cévennes National Park Designated a National Park in 1970, Cévennes is recognized by the World Biosphere Reserve as a model park, for its conservation of biodiversity and landscape. Approximately 2,250 species of flora may be found here, including 33 species protected by French law.

Zoos & Wildlife Reserves

Parc de Bagatelle Situated on the Atlantic coast (highway A16, exit 25) and open from April through September, Bagatelle is actually a combination of zoo (featuring 200 wild animals), amusement park with 44 attractions (including aquatic scooters and 4WD vehicles for all ages), and a circus.

Parc Zoologique d'Amnéville A completely non-subsidized, privately owned park featuring a prestigious collection of wild animals. Witness a fabulous aquatic ballet in Penguinland, or gaze in wonder at the huge beasts of the African plain. Address: 1, rue du Tigre, Centre Thermal et Touristique, 57360 Amnéville (Lorraine); Phone: 03.8.70.25.60

Parc Zoologique de Lille In the heart of metropolitan Lille, this zoological park offers a haven to 400 animals of 100 different species (including several which are endangered), and serves as a host for scientific research.

Peaugres Safari Over 800 animals roam this immense protected area in the Ardeche region, including zebras, mandrills, black bears, polar bears, bison, hippopotami, lions... Part of the safari proceeds by car, then continues on foot through a glass tunnel to view tigers and wolves up close. New feature: penguin and sea lion basin.

Nominate A Site!

French Flora & Fauna Do you know about a great flora & fauna site we should list here? If so, please submit it!